Airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma: the role of the epithelium

Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a key medical characteristic of bronchial asthma. The presence of AHR in folks with bronchial asthma supplies the substrate for bronchoconstriction in response to quite a few various stimuli, contributing to airflow limitation and signs together with breathlessness, wheeze and chest tightness. Dysfunctional airway clean muscle (ASM) considerably contributes to AHR and is displayed as elevated sensitivity to direct pharmacological bronchoconstrictor stimuli, similar to inhaled histamine and methacholine (direct AHR), or to endogenous mediators launched by activated airway cells similar to mast cells (oblique AHR).

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